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Adjustment of status is necessary after a beneficiary enters the USA and marries the K-1 visa petitioner. Adjustment of Status requires the filing of an I-485 application.

The Difference between “Adjustment of Status” and “Change of Status”

Many people going through the travails of Immigration procedure confuse “adjustment of status,” with “change of status.” In common vernacular the terms are similar, if not synonymous. However, in the context of US Immigration they have different meanings entirely.  If an alien adjusts status, this means that the alien changes from a non-immigrant visa category to an Immigrant visa category and is therefore accorded Lawful Permanent Residence (a Green Card). If a person present in the USA “changes status,” this means that they convert from one non-immigrant visa category to another.

K-1 Visas and Adjustment

As a hybrid visa, the K-1 allows an alien to enter the USA with the intent to marry an American and obtain a
Green Card. While the Green Card application is pending, the alien spouse is permitted to stay stateside. In fact, the alien spouse should not subsequently depart the US without first getting an advance parole travel document. Failure to obtain advance parole will very likely result in a K-1 visa conferee’s petition being canceled.

Provided the alien fiancee remains in status in the United States and the Adjustment of Status is approved, then lawful permanent residence will be conferred. This permanent residence will be conditional for 2 years. 3 months prior to the 2nd anniversary of adjustment, the couple should file for an I-751 removal of conditions of residence in the United States. After the removal of conditions occurs the alien will able to remain a resident unconditionally.

Appeals of Negative Adjustment of Status Decisions

In a situation where the adjustment of status from K-1 to Lawful Permanent Residence has not been approved, the decision can be appealed. Also appeals can be made pursuant to Section 586 of Public Law 106-429 if the appellant meets the requirements set forth in the rules.  Any appeal of an adverse adjustment ruling should be submitted to the Administrative Appeals Unit (AAU) for review. As a general rule, the applicant who has been denied adjustment must appeal within Thirty-Three days of the Immigration Judge’s ruling. Upon receipt of the appeal application and remittance of processing fee the appeal is forwarded to the Board of Immigration Appeals in the US Capital for review and adjudication.

(It should be noted that an appeal should not be confused with a waiver. In cases where a legal ground of inadmissibility is found to exist, the consular officer’s decision is not subject to appeal, but instead a waiver may be obtained.)

Nothing Contained herein should be viewed  as a substitute for legal advice from a licensed professional. Obligations inherent to an attorney-client relationship are not to be assumed to arise simply from reading this post due to the fact that no such relationship exists between the author and reader.

Tags: Adjustment of Status, American Visa, change of status, Fiancee Visa, Immigration appeal, Inadmissibility, K-1 Visa, K1 Visa Thailand, US Immigration, Waiver, waiver of inadmissibility
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What Happens After the K1 Visa Interview?

After the visa interview a fiancee will either receive a 221 g request for more information, an outright denial, or an approval of the visa application and a visa will be placed into her passport.  A frequently asked question: how long before she must use the visa to the USA? Generally, the answer to this question is 6 months from the issue date. Therefore, a Thai fiancee will need to present her visa at a port of entry in the USA within 6 months of visa issue or else the visa will expire and she will need to obtain a new one before presenting herself at the port of entry again. Getting past the port of entry is usually a smooth process and the worst inconvenience imposed upon the Thai fiancee will likely be the existence of a long line at the United States Customs and Immigration checkpoint.

So you have gotten your fiancee to the United States from Thailand using a K-1 Fiancee. She has gotten past the port of entry in the United States and she is currently in lawful K1 status in the USA: Now What?

A question many couples pose after completing the K-1 visa obtainment process is: does my fiancee need to leave the USA within 90 days? No, you and your fiancee must get legally married and apply for adjustment of status to permanent residence in order for your fiancee to remain in the US legally. While an adjustment of status application is pending the Thai fiancee is entitled to remain in the USA.

If the couple decides that for logistical reasons a marriage is not feasible, the the Thai fiancee will need to depart the United States before the visa’s validity expires.  An issue that arises with regard to this type of situation: under the provisions of the International Marriage Broker Regulation Act a US Citizen is only allowed to petition for one K1 visa every 2 years and if petitioning for more than one K1 within that time period, a waiver must be obtained. Generally, where there was good reason for failure to conduct a marriage and this reason is properly explained to the USCIS adjudicator, a waiver will be issued and the couple would be able to obtain a second fiance visa.

Please see US Visa Thailand for more information

(Please note: Nothing contained within this blog post should be construed as creating an attorney-client relationship between author and reader. This post is meant for informational purposes only and is not meant to act as a substitute for individual legal advice from a licensed attorney.)

Tags: Adjustment of Status, Fiance Visa Thailand, IMBRA, K1 Visa, K1 Visa Thailand, US Visa Thailand
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One of the more confusing aspects of US Immigration from the perspective of laypeople is deciphering all of the legalese that US Immigration attorneys use when writing about US visas. To clear up some of the confusion, this post defines some of the most used jargon so that the average reader researching American Immigration can better understand the subject matter.

USCIS: The Acronym for the United States Citizenship and Immigration Service. The government entity formerly known as the INS (Immigration and Naturalization Service). USCIS is the office that adjudicates petitions for immigration benefits.

K1 Visa: The K1 Visa is a Fiance Visa in that it allows the unmarried fiance of a US Citizen entry into the United States for 90 days for the sole purpose of marrying the US Citizen (who filed the petition for the visa) and adjusting status in the United States.

I-129f: The K1 visa application filed and adjudicated at a USCIS service center.

Immigrant Visas: Visas that confer permanent residence upon entry (in the context of this blog this term is used interchangeably with the terms IR-1 and CR-1)

IR-1 Visa: a visa that confers permanent residence upon entry to the USA of an immediate relative of a US Citizen (for the purpose of this blog the IR-1 is generally used to refer to a visa for Thai-American married couples who have been married for more than 2 years.)

CR-1 Visa: Conditional Resident Visa, a visa that confers conditional permanent residence to the visa holder (for the purposes of this blog this term is generally used for marriage visas in which the underlying marriage has lasted less than 2 years in duration).

I-130 petition: the application form for obtaining an Immigrant Visa. It is filed and adjudicated at USCIS.

K-3 Visa: a K-3 Visa is a non-immigrant marriage visa originally designed as an expedited marriage visa when the I-130 petition was taking as long as 3 years to process. It requires a dual filing, and underlying I-130 petition as well as a subsequent I-129f petition in order to obtain the expedited visa.

Direct Consular Filing: refers to the method of directly filing a visa petition with a consulate or Embassy in a foreign country. Sometimes the term “Direct Consular Filing” is used interchangeably with the term “local filing.”

Local Filing: Generally, for the purposes of this blog this term is used when describing the method of filing an immigration petition at the USCIS district office overseas (Specifically the USCIS Bangkok District Office).

Adjustment of Status: Adjustment of status or AOS is the procedure of converting a non-immigrant visa holder into Lawful permanent residence (Green Card holder).

Advance Parole: An immigration travel document that allows an alien, with an adjustment of status application pending, to leave the USA and still keep their status from being canceled upon departure from the USA. Advance parole is necessary where a fiance has entered the United States on a K1 Visa and subsequently leaves before an adjustment of status is complete.

Green Card: A colloquial term for the document proving lawful permanent residence.

United States: According to the Immigration and Nationality Act of the United States, the definition of United States, “when used in a geographical sense, means the continental United States, Alaska, Hawaii, Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Virgin Islands of the United States.“

Reentry Permit: A permit needed for a Lawful Permanent Resident who wishes to remain outside of the USA for a prolonged period of time. The reentry permit is necessary in order to mitigate against the presumption of abandonment of adjustment of status when a permanent resident leaves the United States.

I-134 affidavit of support: the affidavit of support necessary for the K1 Fiance visa, this affidavit shows that the US Citizen will be able to support the fiancee at the statutorily prescribed level.

I-864 affidavit of support: the affidavit of support used in conjunction with the Immigrant Visas for showing that a US Citizen can support his wife at the statutorily prescribed level.

Joint Sponsor: A person who jointly sponsors a visa beneficiary should the US Citizen petitioner not meet the statutory requirements to sponsor a beneficiary on his own.

For more information on US Visas Generally please see USA Visa Thailand

Note: None of the above should be used in lieu of legal advice from a competent licensed attorney in the readers jurisdiction

Tags: Adjustment of Status, advance parole, CR-1 Visa, Green Card, I129f, I130, IR-1 Visa, K1 Visa, K3 Visa, US Visa Thailand, USCIS
Posted in US Embassy Thailand, US Visa and Immigration, US Visa Thailand | 2 Comments »

The CR-1 Visa is one of, if not the, most common US Visa sought for Thai Loved ones seeking to journey to the USA (The K1 Fiance Visa from Thailand is another widely used US Immigration tool from Thailand, please see Fiance Visa Thailand for more details). The reason for this is likely due to the fact that many Thai-American couple’s situation fits the criteria of a CR-1 Visa.

CR-1 stands for “conditional resident 1,” in practical terms this means that a person in the US on a CR-1 Visa has conditional permanent residence. In practical terms, the difference between conditional permanent residence and unconditional permanent residence is that a conditional permanent resident could lose their permanent residence status. A situation in which one might lose their permanent residence would be where a Thai/American married couple obtains a Cr-1 Visa on behalf of the Thai wife. Subsequent to obtaining the CR-1 Visa and entering the US, the couple divorces, but not before they file for a “lift of conditionality.” (A lift of conditions of a CR-1 Visa is generally filed by the American Citizen spouse at the 2 year anniversary of the permanent resident’s entry into the USA) If the lift of conditions has not been granted and the couple has divorced, then the condition upon which the visa was granted has ceased to exist and therefore the visa should be revoked. There are exceptions that allow for a Cr-1 visa to have the conditions lifted without the US Citizen Spouse’s consent (Most notably the violence against women act), but these situations are limited.

An IR1 visa does not have these conditions. In order to apply for this visa, the Thai-American couple must have been married for at least 2 years. If they meet this requirement then after obtaining the visa at the US Embassy in Thailand, then the Thai spouse will enter the US on an Ir-1 Visa which confers unconditional permanent residence from the moment the Thai spouse enters the United States.

The form necessary to obtain a CR-1 Visa is the I-130 petition. It should be filed with the USCIS office having jurisdiction over the area in which the US Citizen spouse resides. One of the reasons why a CR-1 Visa is sought over a K-3 in Thailand Visa is the fact that a K-3 Visa requires Adjustment of Status for a Thai wife. A Thai wife entering on a CR-1 Visa does not need to adjust her status in the USA, only obtain a lift of conditionality.

As with all US Immigration matters it is always wise to obtain the advice of a duly licensed US Immigration Attorney with experience dealing with US Immigration Law. Integrity Legal’s Managing Director is a licensed US Attorney and member of the American Immigration Lawyer’s Association. When seeking licensed a Immigration Lawyer AILA can be an invaluable resource.

Tags: Adjustment of Status, American Visa Thailand, Bangkok Lawyer, CR-1, CR-1 Visa Thailand, CR1 Visa, K1, K1 Visa, K1 Visa Thailand, K3 Visa Thailand, Lift of Conditions, US Immigration Thailand, US Visa Thailand
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