Integrity Legal

Travelers coming to Thailand have different Thai visa options depending upon the passport they hold. Some people will be granted a visa exemption upon arrival in the Kingdom while others may be granted an actual visa when they arrive. The validity of this extension can vary depending upon relations between the passport holder’s home country and the Kingdom of Thailand. Below are lists of countries and the special Thai Immigration privileges accorded to their nationals. For those thinking of traveling to Thailand it is probably wise to double check the visa rules before coming to Thailand as Thai Immigration regulations can change relatively quickly. As a result, the information contained below can become out of date.

Passport holders from the following countries shall be entitled to apply for a 15 day visa on arrival in Thailand:

Bhutan, China, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, India, Kazakhstan, Latvia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Maldives, Mauritius, Oman, Poland, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Taiwan, Ukraine, Australia.

Passport holders from this list of countries may enter Thailand on a 30 day visa exemption:

Australia, Austria, Belgium, Bahrain, Brunei, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hong Kong, Iceland, Indonesia, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Kuwait, Luxembourg, Malaysia, Monaco, The Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Oman, The Philippines, Portugal, Qatar, Singapore, Spain, South Africa, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, United States of America, Vietnam

Passport holders from this list of countries may enter Thailand on a 90 day visa exemption:

Peru, Brazil, The Republic of Korea

Passport holders from these countries may enter Thailand for 30 days without a visa based upon a bilateral Treaty or Agreement with the Kingdom of Thailand:

Hong Kong, Laos, Macau, Mongolia, Russia, Vietnam

Passport holders from these countries may enter Thailand for 90 days without a visa based upon a bilateral Treaty or Agreement with the Kingdom of Thailand:

Argentina, Brazil, Chile, The Republic of Korea, Peru

Holders of Diplomatic Passports from the following countries may enter and remain in the Kingdom of Thailand without a visa:

Cambodia, China, Hong Kong, Laos, Macau, Mongolia, Myanmar, Oman, Vietnam

Holders of Diplomatic Passports from these countries may enter and remain in Thailand for 90 days without obtaining a visa:

Argentina, Austria, Belgium, Bhutan, Brazil, Chile, Costa Rica, Croatia, Czech Republic, Germany, Hungary, India, Israel, Italy, Japan, Republic of Korea, Luxembourg, Malaysia, Mexico, The Netherlands, Nepal, Panama, Peru, The Philippines, Poland, Romania, Russia, Singapore, Slovakia, South Africa, Switzerland, Liechtenstein, Tunisia, Turkey,
Ukraine, Uruguay

For more information, please see the Thai Ministry of Foreign Affairs by clicking here

(Please do not mistake this post as being a suitable substitute for legal advice from a licensed professional. No attorney-client relationship is created between the reader and the author of this posting.)

For Thai-American couples seeking Lawful Permanent Residence (Green Card) in the United States for the spouse of an American Citizen the options are either the CR-1 or IR-1 visa. A CR-1 (Conditional Resident) visa provides conditional lawful permanent residence to the visa holder while the IR-1 (Immediate Relative) visa provides unconditional permanent residence upon entry into the United States.  An often asked question with regard to these visas: what is the difference?

When seeking a United States visa for a Thai spouse, the classic method of obtainment is through filing an I-130 visa application. After the I-130 is approved by either a USCIS Service Center in the United States or USCIS Field office abroad, it will be forwarded to a US Diplomatic post that adjudicates Immigrant visas. In Thailand, the US Embassy in Bangkok processes all US Immigrant visa petitions. Assuming that a visa is ultimately approved, the Thai spouse shall be entitled to travel to the USA in order to take up residence.

For those holding a visa conferring conditional permanent residence, it will be necessary to eventually file to have the conditionality of the visa lifted. In practical terms, this means that the Thai wife’s residence will no longer be based upon her marriage to an American citizen.  Instead, the permanent residence will become independent and unconditional. For those who enter the USA on a conditional resident visa and subsequently end their marriage during the conditional period, loss of permanent residence is highly likely.

Some people confuse the lift of conditions with adjustment of status. In cases involving a K-1 visa for a Thai fiance, adjustment of status is the process of obtaining conditional permanent residence for the fiancee (now wife) after marriage in the United States.  For those couples who adjust status in the US, after the adjustment interview, should the application be approved, the adjustment date will be that written on the adjustment of status approval letter from USCIS.

One must file for a lift of conditions within 90 days of the two year anniversary of the the Thai spouse taking up residence, in the case of adjustment the two year anniversary will be marked from the date of  adjustment approval. For the Thai who enters on a CR-1 visa, it will be the date the Thai spouse entered the USA.

In order to obtain a lift of conditions the I-751 application must be filed with an approved by USCIS. After approval, the Thai spouse may remain in the United States permanently.

For related information please see: Thailand permanent residence

(This post is for educational purposes only. It is not meant to be legal advice. No lawyer/client relationship is formed by reading this information.)

Integrity Legal’s Thailand office is located in Bangkok, the nation’s capital. The majority of United States Visa cases that the firm handles are those involving loved ones of United States Citizens or Lawful Permanent Residents. Visas that require a familial relationship for approval are not generally processed at the Consulate General of the United States in Chiang Mai. For the most part,  the Chang Mai consulate handles non-immigrant visa applications. As a result, when writing this blog we sometimes overlook the US Consulate General in Chiang Mai even though the post does handle a significant amount of US Immigration matters.

The most common types of non-immigrant visas that the Consulate adjudicates are F-1 Student Visas, J-1 Exchange Visitor Visas, and B-1 Business Visas. Also, I assume that the Consulate General sees a great many applications for the US Tourist Visa.

Some US Citizens who are either living in Northern Thailand or who have a Thai fiancee or spouse from Northern Thailand mistakenly seek to obtain a K-1 visa or US Marriage visa from the Consulate in Chiang Mai. As all of these visas require some form of immigrant intent, they are usually not processed at the Consulate in  Chiang Mai, but instead find their way to the United States Embassy in Bangkok.

Other than processing visa applications and dealing with United States Citizens who need assistance, the Consulate also supports the exchange of information and culture between the Kingdom of Thailand and the United States of America. The Consulate General in Chiang Mai is involved in efforts to help preserve the environment. The American Consulate in Chiang Mai is a major supporter of programs to catch those involved in the trafficking of people across international boundaries. The United States of America actively and constantly supports efforts within the Kingdom of Thailand to stamp out the farming of opium. The US Consulate seems to wholeheartedly support the idea of providing information and incentives for farmers to grow other crops in place of opium.

Although we write about the US Consulate in Chiang Mai quite a bit less than the US Embassy in Thailand. It is still staffed by efficient and professional officers who do their job in an efficient and effective manner.

The Website for the consulate is very helpful for those seeking Consular assistance.

(Nothing contained in this post should be used as legal advice. No attorney/client relationship is created by reading this post. For legal advice contact an attorney. For more information about Immigration and visa issues in Chiang Mai, please contact the Consulate.)

Most United States Visas that process through the US Embassy in Bangkok, Thailand proceed in an efficient and uneventful manner. The Officers in the US Consular Section have a large caseload and generally do their job in a professional and diligent manner. This being said, some Immigration and visa cases are delayed. The term used in American Immigration circles when a visa application is set aside for further review is: administrative processing.

Administrative Processing and the 221(g)

Technically a 221g denial and request for more evidence could be classified as “administrative processing.” In practice, most cases that are in administrative processing have been red flagged because there is a suspicion of immigration fraud or there is some aspect of the case that the consular officer feels warrants further investigation. In cases such as this the application can be delayed for weeks or months until a final determination is made.

Does Administrative Processing mean a US Visa is Denied?

In some cases administrative processing can occur after a visa application has been denied and needs to be sent back to USCIS to close the case. In the case of a Fiance visa or marriage visa, this would likely only occur upon a factual finding by the consular officer that there is not a bona fide relationship underlying the visa application.  This type of visa denial is very rare in US Family Immigration matters.  However, a Consular officer who is suspicious about a particular visa application could put the case in administrative processing and ask for further documentation. The fraud unit would likely review the application further in order to ascertain the visa application’s merits.

There are other situations where a visa application could go into administrative processing. Of particular note are situations where beneficiaries have been present in the United States previously and have done things that may raise  questions about what they were doing while stateside. A good example would be someone in the United States on a visa without work authorization who was working. This factual scenario would probably cause a case to go into administrative processing because the Consular officers would want to know more details about the applicant’s previous experience in the USA.

Administrative Processing is something many applicants seek to avoid and one of the best methods of doing so is to have a well prepared application. Further, Consular Officers are very well trained when it comes to picking up on cues that an application might be fraudulent. For this reason, we highly recommend that the best way to stay out of administrative processing is to file a bona fide application. Honesty is always the best policy when dealing with the United States Government and the US Embassy Thailand is no exception.

If a case should be denied because the applicant was deemed legally inadmissible, then an I-601 waiver may be sought.

For more information please See K-1 Visa Thailand or K3 Visa Thailand.

US Immigration and Thai Immigration have a great deal in common and also many differences. I decided to write a quick blog post exploring the differences between the two systems in order to provide more clarity for those seeking to immigrate to either Thailand or the United States.

With regard to ease of visa obtainment, overall it is generally more difficult to obtain a USA visa than a Thai Visa. That being said, there are certain aspects of US Immigration that are far more generous than Thailand’s system. For example Thai Permanent Residence is very difficult to obtain from a practical standpoint and almost no one enters the country with Permanent Residence, especially if they have never been to Thailand before. In contrast, the United States confers lawful permanent residence upon entry to the USA for those married to a United States Citizen for longer than 2 years at the time of visa application.  For those married less than 2 years at the time of application, conditional permanent residence is immediately granted upon entry and the conditionality must be lifted later.

A Thai Business Visa is somewhat similar to an American Business Visa in that both allow for travel to the USA or Thailand for business purposes. However, neither visa actually confers the right to work in either country. This is where the similarities end because in order to obtain lawful employment in the USA the immigrant would need to get a visa that has work authorization. In Thailand, the immigrant would need to obtain a Thai work permit. Getting work authorization for Thailand is somewhat easier in Thailand than in the United States.

The Thai Tourist Visa and the American Tourist Visa are quite similar. They both are non-immigrant visas designed for recreational purposes. Currently, the Thai Tourist visa is being offered free of charge to those wishing to visit the Kingdom of Thailand. This is not the case for the American tourist visa as a non-immigrant application fee and pin number fee are required for those applying for a tourist visa.

One of the most significant differences between United States Immigration and Immigration to Thailand is the fact that Thailand does not have any provisions in its Immigration law for a Fiance visa. The Fiancee Visa in the United States is commonly know by its visa category classification: K-1 visa. No matter what it is known as, it is designed to allow a Fiancee of an American Citizen entry into the United States for the purpose of marriage and permanent residence in the USA. Thailand has nothing remotely resembling this type of visa. Further, it does not appear that Thailand will be creating anything like the K1 Visa anytime soon.

Overall, Thai Immigration is dissimilar to American Immigration because US Immigration is far more substantially funded and has more agents operating under the aegis of USCIS and the US State Department.

(Nothing contained in this blog post should be used as legal advce. No Attorney/client relationship shall be created between author and reader.)

On July 2, 2009 the Center for Disease control formally proposed that HIV be dropped from the list of “communicable diseases” that result in a legal finding of inadmissibility. The following is quoted from the preamble of the proposal to change the rule:

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), within the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), is proposing to revise the Part 34 regulation to remove “Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection” from the definition of “communicable disease of public health significance.” HHS/CDC is also proposing to remove references to “HIV” from the scope of examinations in its regulations. Aliens infected with a “communicable disease of public health significance” are inadmissible into the United States under the Immigration and Nationality Act (INA).

This proposed rule change is subject to a comment period and is not yet finalized, but if it becomes final it will do away with the need to obtain an HIV waiver for a prospective immigrant infected with HIV.

For more information please click here

(This content is for educational use only. It does not constitute legal advice. No attorney/client relationship is created between the author and reader of this post.)

A Legal Ground of Inadmissibility is a provision created by Congress that bars certain immigrants from entering the United States of America. If a prospective immigrant is found to have certain types of communicable disease then they will be barred from entering the United States without first obtaining a Waiver of Inadmissibility.

Waivers of inadmissibility for those infected with Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are different than some other legal grounds of inadmissibility because the burden of proof is not the same. In order to obtain a normal I-601 waiver of inadmissibility in most cases the US Citizen or lawful permanent resident petitioner must show that failure to grant the waiver would result in an “extreme hardship,” for him or her. In the case of an HIV waiver, a showing of “extreme hardship” is unnecessary. Instead, one must show that the immigrant with HIV will not become a ward of the United States. Much like the I-864 affidavit of support for Immigrant visas or the I-134 affidavit of support for a fiance visa, the petitioner must show that the beneficiary will not become a “public charge.”

Recently, President Obama has made it clear that he intends to put the wheels in motion to have legislation passed that would repeal the provisions making those with HIV inadmissible to the United States. Obama was recently quoted as saying,

“The rationale for maintaining HIV infection as an excludable condition is no longer valid based on current medical and scientific knowledge and public health practice, and experience which has informed us on the characteristics of the virus, the modes of transmission of HIV, and the effective interventions to prevent further spread of the virus… My administration is committed to rescinding the discriminatory ban on entry to the United States based on HIV status. The Office of Management and Budget just concluded a review of a proposal to repeal this entry ban, which is a first and very big step towards ending this policy.”

Obama has made many recent statements regarding Comprehensive Immigration Reform and the Defense of Marriage Act. If Obama fulfills his campaign promises regarding these issues it will have tremendous ramifications on United States Immigration law. The push to have HIV taken off of the list of communicable disease has its opponents, but it is probable that legislation that would allow those with HIV to enter the USA, without a waiver, will be passed sometime in the next one to two years.

For more information about US Family Visas from Thailand Please see: US Immigration lawyer Thailand or K-1 visa

(Nothing contined herein should be mistaken for legal advice as it is intended for the purpose of education only. No lawyer-client relationship is to be implied to exist between the author and any reader of this posting.)

President Obama has recently been criticized by many members of the LGBT community for what appears to be a reversal of his campaign stance on same-sex rights.  Presently President Obama’s Justice Department is defending the Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA) in the US courts. However, President Obama has made statements claiming that while his administration is in the process of enforcing the provisions of DOMA, he is also working to have the law repealed. Apparently, President Obama is trying to apply pressure to Congress in order to make them repeal the Defense of Marriage Act. Mr. Obama was quoted in a speech as saying:

“I’ve called on Congress to repeal the so-called Defense of Marriage Act to help end discrimination against same-sex couples in this country. Now, I want to add we have a duty to uphold existing law, but I believe we must do so in a way that does not exacerbate old divides. And fulfilling this duty in upholding the law in no way lessens my commitment to reversing this law.”

What are the Consequences on US Immigration if the Defense of Marriage Act is Repealed?

Should the Defense of Marriage Act be repealed, the upshot would be that the Federal government would recognize same-sex marriage. Therefore, US Immigration benefits would likely be conferred based upon a marital relationship. Thus, if a same sex couple enters into a valid marriage in a country like Belgium, then they could file an I-130 petition for a CR-1 visa based upon their relationship (under this hypothetical scenario, they could also file a supplemental visa application for a K3 visa).

In another hypothetical situation, the same couple are now unmarried, but they have a bona fide relationship and intend to marry in the United States in a jurisdiction that allows and recognizes same sex marriage (Massachusetts for example). This factual situation would likely allow that couple to file a visa application for a K-1 visa because the parties would meet the legal requirements imposed upon those wishing to obtain a US visa for a fiance.

It is currently uncertain whether Obama will successfully lead the charge to repeal the Defense of Marriage Act. What is certain is the fact that should the Defense of Marriage Act be repealed it will have a major impact on United States law and a crucial impact upon same sex immigration rights. If Obama is successful in repealing DOMA the upshot will likely be that the Uniting American Families Act (UAFA) will be rendered superfluous because same sex marriage would be included in the umbrella term “marriage” under current US Immigration law.

(Please not that the above information is for eductaional purposes only. No attorney-client relationship shall be inferred to be formed between the author and any readers of this post.)

There are some countries whose nationals have the right to travel to the United States of America without first obtaining a visa. The US Visa Waiver Program (VWP) was designed to allow certain foreign nationals visa-free travel to the United States. The visa waiver program should not be confused with an I-601 waiver of the grounds of inadmissibility.

Since September 11, 2001 the the Department of Homeland Security, United States Customs Department, United State Immigration and Citizenship Service (USCIS), the Transportation Safety Authority, and other United States Federal agencies have been formulating ways to better maintain security with regard to international travel. It was determined that the Visa Waiver program might be used by possibly hostile parties as a method for entering the United States in order to conduct harmful activity. As a result of this policy decision, the US authorities have attempted to implement a precreening process for thse entering the United States via the Waiver Program. This process is known by its acronym: ESTA.

The Electronic System for Travel Authorization (ESTA) was made operational under Section 217 of the Immigration and Nationality Act, as amended by Section 711 of the “Implementing Recommendations of the 9/11 Commission Act of 2007,” Pub. L. No. 110-53. The Act compelled the Department of Homeland Security to institute a systematic method to verify the fitness of travelers to the USA and make sure such travelers pose no imminent threat to American safety.

The ESTA is a no-cost, fully computerized program used to ascertain the qualifications of those traveling to the United States of America through the use of the American Visa Waiver Program. The Electronic System for Travel Authorization gathers similar information as that required on Form I-94W. An ESTA application can be tendered at any point before traveling to the United States of America. That being said, the United States Customs and Immigration Service (USCIS) and the Department of Homeland Security advise that travelers submit an ESTA application when they begin setting a travel itinerary.

As of January 12, 2009, those who are citizens of any country that participates in the Visa Waiver Program must obtain travel approval from ESTA before they will be allowed to enter the USA under VWP.

Some people are under the misconception that ESTA is a visa.  An ESTA approval is not a visa. Instead it is a prescreening for entry into the United States visa free.

For those who have trouble with the English language, the website has been translated into Czech, Danish, Dutch, Estonian, Finnish, French, German, Hungarian, Icelandic, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Latvian, Lithuanian, Norwegian, Portuguese, Slovak, Slovenian, Spanish, and Swedish.

(Please note: this is intended for educational purposes only and does not constitute legal advice. No attorney/client relationship is created between author and reader).

Visa Waivers are often accorded to nationals from countries that have a long standing relationship with the USA. Currently, the Kingdom of Thailand is not a participant in the US Visa Waiver Program, therefore, anyone wishing to travel to the USA on a Thai passport must obtain some sort of American Visa.

The US Visa waiver program should not be confused with a waiver of excludability which is usually necessity after a US visa denial based upon a legal ground of inadmissibility. The US Visa Waiver Program (VWP) was created to allow certain foreign nationals entry into the United States visa-free.

In the mid-1980′s, the US Immigration Reform and Control Act integrated the Visa Waiver Pilot Program into the United States Immigration and Nationality Act (INA). The Visa waiver initiative remained a pilot program until October 30, 2000. At that time, the Visa Waiver Permanent Program Act made the program a permanent fixture of immigration law. The Visa Waiver Program’s legal foundation is stipulated in section 217 of the United States Immigration and Nationality Act. In 2007, the addition of section 711 of the INA created measures to strengthen the security of the Visa Waiver Program.

The Secretary of Homeland Security and the Secretary of State, may assign a nation as a participant in the Visa Waiver program if:

1. The nation grants similar travel rights to Americans;
2. The nation has attested that it dispenses electronic passports that contain data storage chips;
3. The nation started issuing such Passports to its citizens on or before October 26, 2006.
4. The Secretary of Homeland Security and the Secretary of State prepare a report calculating the effect the country’s VWP authorization upon US security; and
5. The Secretary of Homeland Security and the Secretary of State decide that the nation’s inclusion in the program will not damage American security interest, this includes issues involved in the enforcement of US Immigration law.

Who can enjoy the Visa Waiver Program?

The nationals of the following countries are eligible to enter the USA under the Visa Waiver Program: Andorra, Austria, Australia, Belgium, Brunei, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Latvia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Monaco, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Portugal, Republic of Korea, San Marino, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom (With regard to United Kingdom Passports, Only UK passports denoted as “British Citizens” and/or “with unrestricted right of abode in the United Kingdom” are eligible for entrance to the USA under the Visa Waiver Program. Those holding passports designating that the bearer is a “British Subject,”  “British Dependent Territories Citizen,” “British Overseas Citizen,” or “British National [Overseas],” cannot enter the United States through the Visa waiver program.)

In order to enter the USA visa-free on the Visa Waiver Program an entrant must first use the Electronic System for Travel Authorization.

(Please note: Nothing contained herein should be used as legal advice. No attorney-client relationship is created by reading this piece.)