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Archive for the ‘Upcoming Legislation’ Category
25th December 2009
Current Immigration Reform Bill Does Not Address Same-Sex Visas
Posted by : admin
As it is the Holiday season in the United States many families are reunited with their loved ones in order to be together during the festivities. However, there are some families who cannot be reunited in the US due to restrictions imposed by US Immigration law. Most notable among those who probably will not be re-united this Christmas are same-sex bi-national couples. Since the Defense of Marriage Act was passed in the mid-1990′s it has been virtually impossible for bi-national same-sex couples to receive US Immigration benefits even where their marriage was executed in a jurisdiction in the United States of America. In a recent blog post on the website ImmigrationEquality.org the author notes that recently proposed Immigration reform legislation does not address the issues associated with Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgendered (LGBT) Immigration. To quote directly from the blog:
“Earlier today, Congressman Luis Gutierrez (D-IL) introduced an immigration reform proposal in the House of Representatives that does not include lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender families. We pushed hard for inclusion in this bill, and we are deeply disappointed. However, I want to be clear: this is not the comprehensive immigration reform package which will move through the House. And, there are many reasons to remain optimistic about our inclusion in CIR down the road.
First, it is important to note that Congressman Gutierrez remains a co-sponsor of the Uniting American Families Act (UAFA) and the LGBT-inclusive Reuniting Families Act (RFA) in Congress. In the weeks and months leading up to the introduction of the Gutierrez bill, Immigration Equality pushed for inclusion of our families. When it became clear that this was not to be, we asked for the Congressman to continue to work for an end to immigration laws that discriminate against LGBT families, and we have every expectation that he will do so.”
It is this author’s opinion that the same-sex immigration issue will likely be dealt with in the United States Courts as the United States House of Representatives and the United States Senate seems reluctant to either overturn the Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA) or pass the Uniting American Families Act (UAFA). However, this author believes that the Defense of Marriage Act is in direct violation of the 10th Amendment of the United States Constitution because DOMA overrides state prerogatives regarding what constitutes a valid marriage. From a Constitutional standpoint, this author hopes to soon see the onerous provisions of DOMA either repealed through legislation or struck down by the courts.
For more information please see: US Visa Thailand
22nd December 2009
AILA Praises Proposer of New Immigration Reform Bill
Posted by : admin
In a recent blog posting the former President of the American Immigration Lawyers Association (AILA), Mr. Charles Kuck, praised Congressman Luis Gutierrez for proposing an Immigration Reform Bill in the United States House of Representatives. Currently, some members of AILA feel that the American Immigration system is highly flawed and, to quote Mr. Kuck’s blog posting:
“The results are tragically similar, children separated from their parents, husbands separated from their wives, businesses unable to secure their future because of a lack of talent and skilled employment, and an economy unable to nimbly shift from the 19th and 20th century into the 21st century. As a country, we can no longer tolerate what has become a human disaster.“
The human perspective of United States Immigration policy is an aspect that some lawmakers fail to consider, but one that they probably should not overlook because America is a nation founded by immigrants and it is our immigrant heritage that makes America a vibrant and innovative nation. The most disturbing facet of the current United States Immigration infrastructure is the fact that it does have a tendency to keep family members separated for, what can turn out to be, a substantially long period of time. For those couple who follow the proper immigration procedures it could still take longer than one year to re-unite a couple.
Of further importance is the need to rectify the US Immigration apparatus with regard to same-sex couples. Unfortunately, due to provisions in the Defense of Marriage Act, it is not possible for same-sex married couples to obtain US Immigration benefits based upon a lawfully executed marriage. There are advocates in the House of Representatives and Senate who wish to change this unfortunate state of affairs, but it seems that they have an uphill battle ahead of them.
Another critical aspect of US Immigration that is desperately in need of an overhaul is the area of employment based visas. Although America is only slowly coming out of “The Great Recession” and is still reluctant to allow more foreign workers into the American labor force, this is a necessity as foreign highly-skilled workers keep the US economy on the cutting edge of both innovation and technology. The United States does itself a disservice by prohibiting foreign skilled workers from entering the country. Hopefully Congressman Gutierrez will be able to get this much needed bill passed and usher in a modern era in US Immigration.
18th December 2009
Thai Work Permit Fees Raised
Posted by : admin
It has come to this author’s attention through the channels of Thaivisa.com that the Thai work permit fees are going up effective December 21, 2009. There is only a raise of the initial application fee as the approval fee has not be raised as of the time of this writing. To quote Thaivisa.com’s post about this issue:
“Per written announcement that we received this morning from Bangkok Work Permit Office, the APPLICATION FEE for work permits will increase, effective 21 December 2009 (next Monday) from 100 baht to 600 baht. This increase also applies to applications for changes/modifications of existing work permits. No increase to APPROVAL fees. I have attached to this posting the Thai-language announcement memo from Bangkok Work Permit Office. I have reported everything that I know about this change.”
A Thai work permit entitles the bearer to legally engage in employment activities within the jurisdiction of the Kingdom of Thailand. Many people in Thailand are under the mistaken impression that a Thai business visa entitles the bearer to work authorization in the Kingdom. In point of fact, this is not the case as a business visa is only a travel document and only has an impact upon one’s ability travel to the Kingdom and request admission.
That being said, a Thai business visa can be used as one component of a well-founded work permit application. This is notable because not all Thai visas can be easily used as a basis for submitting a work permit application. Holders of Thai ED visas , for example, hold a Thai visa category that the Ministry of Labour will routinely deny for work authorization. This is due to the fact that this type of visa is not intended for employment purposes and therefore any employment that a foreigner undertakes on this visa must be substantially related to his or her school or University.
Thai O visas can support work permits, but work permit approval is highly dependent upon the reason for O visa issuance. If the O visa is issued because the foreign national is related to a Thai, either by blood or marriage, then work authorization is generally obtained rather easily. Meanwhile, if a foreign national obtains a Thai visa categorized as “O” simply because it is a long term visa, then it may be difficult to obtain work authorization.
Work permit issues are generally not a concern for those present in the Kingdom of Thailand on a Thai retirement visa because retirees are strictly barred from undertaking employment in the Kingdom. Therefore, a raise in work permit fees will probably not have an effect upon those present in the Kingdom for retirement purposes.
17th December 2009
Thai Immigration Heavily Scrutinizing ED Visa Extensions
Posted by : admin
In a recent announcement posted on Thaivisa.com one individual renewing his visa in Thailand was taken aback by the fact that a Royal Thai Immigration officer wanted to test his knowledge of Thai before a Thai visa extension would be granted. To quote the posting directly:
“[I]went to pattaya/jomtien immigration today with all my paperwork to extend my ed visa (callen & walen) for the next 3 months. [A]ll ok on desk number 5 then she pass’s my paperwork to a desk behind her and moves me. [T]he lady starts talking to me in [T]hai, then tells me they are now testing applicants from there 2nd renewal onwards , ie after 6 months on a ed visa. [S]he stated my [T]hai was not up to scratch and that if i did not pass on the next renewal [I] would have my application refused next time. [S]he made it very clear they were now cracking down on ed visa applicants, not surprising really [I] guess with all the signs appearing claiming 1-10 year ed visa’s freely available.”
In recent years Thai ED visas have become extremely popular amongst those who wish to remain in Thailand for a long period of time without resorting “visa runs.” Many have speculated whether these visas would continue to be promulgated as easily as they have been up until this point. One of the popular reasons for obtaining such visas is based upon the applicant’s enrollment in Thai language classes. Until recently, Thai proficiency examinations were not required in order for foreign nationals to remain in the Kingdom on ED visas, but as the above quotation points out, this is no longer the case as Thai immigration officers seem to increasingly demand that applicants for ED visa renewal show some sort of proficiency in the Thai language.
A Thai visa classified as “ED” can be a useful travel document for a student in Thailand, but they are not particularly useful for those who wish to obtain a Thai work permit. Under current Thai immigration and labor regulations it is very difficult to obtain a Thai work permit if the applicant is present in the Kingdom on an ED visa. In some limited cases it may be possible to obtain a work permit on an ED visa if the work is in connection with the applicant’s school. For those interested in working or owning a business in Thailand it may be wise to apply for a Thai business visa as this document can be used, in conjunction with other documentation, as a basis for submitting a work permit application.
11th December 2009
The Widow Penalty Comes to an End
Posted by : admin
In a recent article disseminated by AILA, Mr. Brent Renison discussed issues involving the so-called “widow’s penalty” (or “Widow Penalty”) and how recent legislation has been enacted to end the imposition of penalties imposed upon foreign spouses in the event that their US Citizen or Lawful Permanent Resident spouse should pass away before the adjudication of an adjustment application or an application for a lift of conditions of lawful permanent residence. To quote the article:
“The “widow penalty”, whereby spouses of U.S. citizens and their children faced automatic denial of a visa petition if the death of the spouse occurred prior to adjudication and prior to two years of marriage, effectively ended upon the passage of § 568(c).2 That section removes the two-year marriage requirement from the current law that permits widows and widowers (“widow(er)s”) of U.S. citizens to file a self-petition for themselves and their children.”
It is still required that the American’s widow demonstrate that the marriage was bona fide when it was entered into:
“By removing the two-year precondition to a current statutory program, Congress retained the widow(er) self-petition procedure including the requirement to show a good faith marriage. The law does not alter the rights of widow(er)s who were married two years or more, who have been able to self-petition since 1990.”
The end of the Widow Penalty hopefully marks the beginning of more compassionate treatment of foreign widows of American Citizens. The aforementioned article goes further in its analysis of the new law and the impact it will likely have upon fiancees and spouses of US Citizens:
“The deletion of the two-year marriage requirement will allow a widow(er) who was married less than two years at the time of the citizen spouse’s death to file a Form I-360 self-petition within two years of the law’s passage, or within two years of the spouse’s death, whichever is later.”
It is interesting that this will likely have an impact upon those who enter the United States upon a K1 fiancee visa:
“This self-petition can be filed concurrently with an Application for Adjustment of Status to Lawful Permanent Resident (Form I-485) if the widow(er) is in the United States pursuant to a lawful entry.”
Therefore, if the fiance of a US Citizen enters the USA on a K1 visa, marries the US Citizen, and the US Citizen dies before the adjustment application is either filed or adjudicated, then it would now be possible for the fiance visa holder to self petition for adjustment in these circumstances. In this author’s opinion, this is an equitable and effective way of dealing with what is already a difficult issue.
If a lawful entry is all that is necessary, then the question must be posed: if an alien enters the USA on a valid tourist visa, marries an American who subsequently dies, would that alien be eligible to submit a self petition for adjustment of status? Hopefully these issues will be handled as the new law is brought into effect.
9th December 2009
Thai Living Wills Receive Cabinet Approval
Posted by : admin
Wills are testamentary instruments used to state one’s intentions after one’s death. Generally Wills come up in the context of property distribution following an individual’s death. In Thailand, both foreign nationals and Thai Citizens die, leaving Thai property in the form of Thai Real Estate and/or assets. In many cases, the family of the deceased will read the Will, have it process through probate, and have the assets distributed in the manner set forth in the codicils of the Will.
A Living Will is a slightly different instrument. To quote Wikipedia:
“[The Living Will] was first proposed by an Illinois attorney, Louis Kutner, in a law journal in 1969. Kutner drew from existing estate law, by which an individual can control property affairs after death (i.e., when no longer available to speak for themselves) and devised a way for an individual to speak to his or her health care desires when no longer able to express current health care wishes. Because this form of ‘will’ was to be used while an individual was still alive (but no longer able to make decisions) it was dubbed the ‘living will.’
A Living Will usually provides specific directives about the course of treatment that is to be followed by health care providers and caregivers. In some cases a living will may forbid the use of various kinds of burdensome medical treatment. It may also be used to express wishes about the use or foregoing of food and water, if supplied via tubes or other medical devices. The living will is only used if the individual has become unable to give informed consent or refusal due to incapacity. A living will can be very specific or very general. An example of a statement sometimes found in a living will is: ‘If I suffer an incurable, irreversible illness, disease, or condition and my attending physician determines that my condition is terminal, I direct that life-sustaining measures that would serve only to prolong my dying be withheld or discontinued.’”
The website Thaivisa.com, in conjunction with The Nation Newspaper, are reporting that the Thai government has preliminarily approved a proposal to allow living wills in Thailand:
“The Cabinet Tuesday gave the green light to living wills. Under the draft decree, health professionals will honour a dying patient’s wish to forego treatment during the terminal stage if it can only prolong life. The draft prepared by the National Health Commission Office will now go to the Council of State for review.”
It will be interesting to see how this legislation progresses through the various official agencies. Living Wills can provide a means and method for transmitting one’s wishes in the event of misfortune. This author hopes that this legislation will receive positive treatment by those with authority to change the law.
8th December 2009
Authorities in Thailand Cracking Down on Drunk Driving
Posted by : admin
In most jurisdictions of the United States of America driving under the influence is considered to be a very serious offense. Commonly known as DUI (Driving Under the Influence) or DWI (Driving While Intoxicated) this offense often carries with it stiff fines and penalties. In Thailand, drunk driving is illegal as well, but in some provinces enforcement of the relevant law can be spotty at best. Thaivisa.com in conjunction with The Nation Newspaper are currently reporting that Thai police are increasing their efforts in enforcing drunk driving statutes. This will likely have a major impact upon drivers in the coming weeks as there are many holidays (both western and Thai) during the month of December. As one of the penalties for drunken driving is license suspension or revocation, a brief overview of the process to obtain a Thai driving license is also appropriate.
To quote Thaivisa.com:
“The government is imposing a strict law against drunk driving, under which violators will be arrested immediately and be subject to prosecution within 48 hours, a Bangkok seminar on road safety was told yesterday.A mandatory fine of between Bt5,000 and Bt20,000 will also be imposed on convicted violators, along with the drivers’ licence being suspended for six months or forever for repeat offenders, judge Prasong Mahaleetrakool said…The law will be strictly enforced during the holiday period.”
This author is happy to see the Thai law enforcement authorities taking an active role in discouraging drunken driving. Foreigners in the Kingdom of Thailand should take note of the possibility of license revocation. Obtaining a Thai driving license can be difficult for foreign national’s as a showing of residence in Thailand is required. Residence in Thailand can be difficult to prove for foreigners as many find it difficult to be registered on a Tabien Baan (House Registration Booklet). Foreign Tabien Baans are not easily issued which is likely due, at least in part, to the fact that many of the officers working at a Thai Amphoe Office (Civil Registrar’s Office) are unaccustomed to issuing them. That being said, registration on a Tabien Baan is not the only method of proving residence and once the foreign national demonstrates his or her residence is in Thailand, then it may be possible to obtain a Thai drivers license. In Thailand, separate licenses are issued for cars and motorcycles. This system is similar to most jurisdictions the USA except that Thai officers at the Transportation office actually issue these two licenses on two different cards rather that putting all of the information on one document.
Since driving while intoxicated could lead to the loss of a foreign national’s Thai driving license, it is both wise and prudent for a foreigner to refrain from drinking and driving in the Kingdom of Thailand. Foreign nationals should also note that a drunk driving offense could also lead to the loss of one’s Thai visa as Royal Thai Immigration authorities would probably take a dim view of one who violates the laws of the Kingdom while in the country on a Thailand visa. Those with a Thai fiancee who is the proposed beneficiary of a K1 visa would also be wise in explaining that a drunken driving charge may have an adverse impact upon her ability to obtain this fiancee visa as the US Embassy takes a dim view of criminal convictions when adjudicating visa applications.
5th October 2009
USCIS Requires New G28 Form For US Visa Applications
Posted by : admin
The United States Citizenship and Immigration Service adjudicates many applications for US Immigration benefits. As a result, they deal with a large number of government forms. A form that is quite familiar to United States Immigration Attorneys is known as the G28. The G28 is the form which puts the United States government on notice that a licensed attorney has entered his or her appearance in the case. According to recent statements from USCIS, the current G28 is to be phased out and replaced by a new version.
According to a recent government press release:
“USCIS will provide a 30-day grace period for the Form G-28, until Oct. 30, so that Forms G-28 currently in the mail will be considered valid when received at the USCIS Lockbox facility or USCIS Service Center. After Oct. 30, any prior versions of the Form G-28 that are received will be considered invalid. All Forms G-28 filed before Oct. 30, will be honored for previously filed cases as long as the Forms G-28 were properly completed by an eligible attorney or accredited representative. The new Form G-28 is not required for receiving updates or interviews unless a new attorney is representing the applicant.”
Usage of form G28 is a method of detecting whether one is dealing with a licensed attorney as opposed to a “visa agent” “visa consultant” or an out and out fraud claiming to be an “immigration lawyer”. The G28 can be useful for weeding out impostors because it requires that the attorney provide his or her state of license. Other forms in a visa application will likely require the attorney’s license number. Although there are some refugee and other non-profit agencies entitled to represent clients before USCIS, these groups are not allowed to profit from said representation. Therefore, the only paid representative that will be recognized by USCIS for matters in the USA is an attorney licensed in a United States jurisdiction.
For those who are not licensed to practice law in the United States, filing a G28 on behalf of another could be construed as the unauthorized practice of law due to the rule that only attorneys are qualified to represent clients before the Immigration service for profit.
The grace period mentioned in the quote above means that at the time of this writing there are approximately 25 days left to use the old G28 form. Bearing this in mind, it may be better to simply begin using the new form as soon as possible in order to forestall a rejection of the form due to expiration.
For more information please see K1 visa application
10th September 2009
Thailand Immigration Officials To Scrutinize Tourist Visa Applicants
Posted by : admin
In an apparent effort to deal with a are number of foreign nationals using Thai Tourist visas for unintended purposes, the authorities at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs are instructing Consular Officials at Royal Thai Embassies and Consulates to heavily scrutinize applicants for tourist visas. This edict seems especially targeted at Consulates and Embassies in the Southeast Asia region. Thaivisa.com is covering the story and quotes the edict directly:
“As there has been a number of visa applicants having entered Thailand via tourist visa and misused it to illegally seek employment during their stay and, upon its expiry, sought to re-apply their tourist visas at the Royal Thai Embassy or the Royal Thai Consulate in neighboring countries, requests for visa renewal by such applicants are subject to rejection as their applications are not based on tourism motive, but to continue their illegal employment, which is unlawful.
This is in accordance with the Immigration Act, B.B. 2552 which stipulates that visa applicants are required to clearly express their real purpose of visiting Thailand. Should the case be found that the applicant’s real intention were concealed, the application will be rejected.
Please be informed that the intention of applicants to repeatedly depart and re-enter Thailand via tourist visa issued by the Royal Thai Embassy or the Royal Thai Consulate in neighboring countries in recent years upon its expiry, is considered as concealment of real purpose of visiting Thailand. Thus their visas applications will be rejected.”
Unlike the Thai O visa and the Thai Business visa, the Thai Tourist visa is not designed for those who wish to work in the Kingdom. One present on a tourist visa is not entitled to apply for a Thai work permit. Due to this restriction, many foreigners opt to stay in Thailand and work illegally or “off the books.” Although tolerated at one time, this practice is viewed with increasing animosity by Thai Immigration officials particularly since the world wide economic downturn.
Thailand’s policy regarding this practice is similar to Section 214b of the United States Immigration and Nationality Act. This statute creates the presumption that those entering the United States on a non-immigrant visa, like a US Tourist visa, are in fact intending immigrants. United States Consular officers often reject tourist visa applicants because they cannot demonstrate true “tourist intention,” meaning that they do not have sufficiently strong ties to a country outside of the US which would compel them to depart the United States. Working in the United States on a tourist visa without work authorization is also considered to be a major violation of non-immigrant status (although not a ground of inadmissibility). Thailand seems like it is beginning to tighten up immigration protocols and coincidentally these measures are making the system resemble the US Immigration system.
3rd September 2009
USCIS to grant deferred action to widows of American Citizens
Posted by : admin
In a recent announcement from the United States Citizenship and Immigration Service (USCIS), Deferred Action will be granted to those widows and widowers of United States Citizens who die before the two year anniversary of the foreign spouse’s arrival in the United States of America. To quote the AILA press release:
“U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS) Secretary Janet Napolitano, on June 9, 2009, announced that DHS would grant deferred action relief to surviving spouses of U.S. citizens who died before the second anniversary of their marriage. Based on the Secretary’s decision, U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) will temporarily suspend adjudication of visa petitions and adjustment applications filed for widow(er)s where the sole reason for an adverse decision from USCIS would be the death of a U.S. citizen spouse prior to the second anniversary of their marriage.”
The first question that probably comes to the mind of the reader is: ok, so what does “deferred action” mean in practice? To further quote the USCIS press release:
“Deferred action is an exercise of prosecutorial discretion not to pursue removal from the United States of a particular foreigner for a specific period. Deferred action is not intended to be a permanent remedy for this situation; rather it is a temporary discretionary solution.”
In cases involving United States Immigrant visas, there are two types of immigrant visa categories for spouses of American Citizens. There is the Conditional Resident Visa (CR1) and the Immediate Relative Visa (IR1). The Conditional Resident Visa is meant for spouses of United States Citizens who have been married for less than two years. IR-1 visas are meant for those who have been married for more than 2 years. When a Permanent Resident is in CR-1 status, then they must apply for a lift of conditions before they change status to IR-1. If residence is conditional, then the immigrant must leave the USA if the lift of conditionality is not filed and approved. In many cases, only the US Citizen spouse can file to have the conditions lifted. Therefore, if the US Citizen spouse dies before the lift of conditions is filed and approved then the Conditional Permanent Resident could fall out of status as soon as 2 years is up. Deferred action places the Resident in a kind of limbo in which they can lawfully remain in the USA, but are not moved in IR-1 status. The press release goes further and states:
“Aliens with deferred action may apply for an Employment Authorization Document (EAD) if they can establish an economic necessity for employment.”
Therefore, the alien in the US in this situation could work and reside without fear of being removed, but the situation would seem to be simply a temporary stopgap measure and it does not appear that this would be a viable long term legal option.
Bear in mind that this issue only deals with US spousal and fiancee visas after adjustment of status. Therefore, the above analysis is not relevant to the K1 visa or the K3 visa per se, although it would be relevant if the foreign fiancee or spouse adjusts to CR1 status.
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