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	<title>Integrity Legal Blog &#187; India Business</title>
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		<title>S&amp;P Downgrades US Sovereign Debt While BRICS Seek &#8220;Phase Out&#8221; Of Dollar</title>
		<link>http://integrity-legal.com/legal-blog/news/sp-downgrades-us-sovereign-debt-while-brics-seek-phase-out-of-dollar/</link>
		<comments>http://integrity-legal.com/legal-blog/news/sp-downgrades-us-sovereign-debt-while-brics-seek-phase-out-of-dollar/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 19 Apr 2011 02:05:38 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[News]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[American Business]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ASEAN]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ASEAN Business]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ASsociation of Southeast ASian Nations]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Brazil Business]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[BRIC]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[BRICS]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[business in America]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Business in ASEAN]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[business in China]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[business in India]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[business in Russia]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Business in Thailand]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[China Business]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[China Development Bank]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[India Business]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[international financial transactions]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[multicurrency reserve]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Russia Business]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[S&P]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[South Africa Business]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Sovereign Debt]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Sovereign Debt Downgrade]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Standard and Poor's]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Thailand Business]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[US Sovereign Debt]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[US-Thai Treaty of Amity]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://integrity-legal.com/legal-blog/?p=4675</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[In the past, it seems as though many were discussing an "alternative" reserve currency to take the place of the dollar in an international context. However, from the information which can be gathered above, it would appear as though the so-called BRICS countries (Brazil, Russia, India, China, and newly added South Africa) are moving towards something of a multicurrency system which, presumably, would incorporate the currencies, to one degree or another, of the member countries noted above.]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>It recently came to this blogger&#8217;s attention that there are important events occurring in the realm of finance as the United States recently appears to have had its sovereign debt rating outlook lowered by Standard &amp; Poor&#8217;s. To <a title="quote directly" href="http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/d6c97342-69bd-11e0-826b-00144feab49a.html#axzz1JvHV5Tdg">quote directly</a> from an article written by Robin Harding, James Politi, and Michael Mackenzie on the official website of the <a title="Financial Times" href="http://www.ft.com">Financial Times</a> at FT.com:</p>
<blockquote><p><strong><em><a title="FT Alphaville - S&amp;P goes negative on the United States" href="http://ftalphaville.ft.com/blog/2011/04/18/548736/sp-goes-negative-on-the-united-states-of-aaaa-1merica/">Standard &amp; Poor’s</a> issued a <a title="FT comment - John Authers - Provoking Washington to act" href="http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/29f50688-69e3-11e0-89db-00144feab49a.html">stark warning to Washington </a>on Monday, cutting its outlook on <a title="FT - Top US officials seek to reassure on debt" href="http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/510e87f0-66c1-11e0-8d88-00144feab49a,dwp_uuid=8085b954-4bd2-11e0-9705-00144feab49a.html">US sovereign debt</a> for the first time and throwing more fuel on the raging debate over America’s swollen deficits.</em></strong></p>
<p><strong><em>The agency kept America’s credit rating at triple A but for the first time since it started rating US debt 70 years ago, <a title="FT Lex - US downgrade: credit where it’s due " href="http://www.ft.com/cms/s/3/4c9202cc-69e8-11e0-89db-00144feab49a.html">cut its outlook from “stable” to “negative</a>”. A negative outlook means there is a one-third chance of a downgrade in the next two years.</em></strong></p></blockquote>
<p>The administration of this blog strongly encourages readers to click on the hyperlinks above to view this story in detail as further insight can be derived therein.</p>
<p>The ramifications of this announcement are likely to reverberate around the globe, but in the United States there appears to have already been at least a market reaction to this information. To <a title="quote directly" href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/business/2011/apr/18/us-economy-credit-rating">quote directly</a> from an article written by <a title="Larry Elliot" href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/profile/larryelliott">Larry Elliot</a> posted on the official website of <a title="The Guardian" href="http://www.guardian.co.uk">The Guardian</a> at Guardian.co.uk:</p>
<blockquote><p><strong><em>US budget deficit has moved from a surplus at the turn of the millennium to a deficit of 11% by 2009. Shares fell sharply on Wall Street today after the ratings agency  S&amp;P issued a warning to the US government about its soaring budget  deficit. In a move that surprised and rattled the financial  markets, S&amp;P said it was cutting its long-term outlook on America  from stable to negative&#8230;In early trading in New York, the Dow Jones industrial average had lost  nearly 250 points – 2% – with the dollar weaker on the foreign exchanges  and yields rising on US Treasury bills. The FTSE 100 in London was also  down 2% or 126 points at 5869.</em></strong></p></blockquote>
<p>Again, this blogger strongly encourages readers to click on the hyperlinks above to read further and gain greater insight.</p>
<p>Hopefully, the consequences of the S&amp;P downgrade will be short lived for America and her People, but there are some who argue that further turbulence may be ahead as countries around the world are economically re-aligning in ways which are unprecedented.  To <a title="quote directly" href="http://finance.yahoo.com/banking-budgeting/article/112563/BRICS-move-dollar-aside-marketwatch?mod=bb-budgeting%20&amp;sec=topStories&amp;pos=3&amp;asset=&amp;ccode=">quote directly</a> from an article written by David Marsh on the website <a title="Yahoo.com" href="http://www.yahoo.com/">Yahoo.com</a>:</p>
<blockquote><p><strong><em>China and four other leading high-growth economies have taken landmark  steps toward lowering the importance of the dollar in international  financial transactions — part of a seminal shift in the move towards a  multicurrency reserve and trading system&#8230;Addition of South Africa to the  former BRICS format seems to have galvanized the grouping. The five  countries agreed to expand use of their own currencies in trade with  each other — an important step toward putting the dollar into a new  downsized place. One key influence is the annual expansion of China&#8217;s  trade volume with other core countries by 40% in 2010 — and the buoyancy  looks set to continue. The BRICS&#8217; state development banks, including  the China Development Bank, agreed to use their own currencies instead  of the dollar in issuing credit or grants to each other — and they will  also phase out the dollar in overall settlements and lending among each  other.</em></strong></p></blockquote>
<p>In the recent past, it seemed as though many were discussing an &#8220;alternative&#8221; reserve currency to take the place of the dollar in an international context. However, from the information which can be gathered above, it would appear as though the so-called <a title="BRICS" href="http://integrity-legal.com/legal-blog/thailand-business/brics-summit-and-asean-exchanges-website-launch/">BRICS</a> countries (Brazil, Russia, India, China, and newly added South Africa) are moving towards something of a multicurrency system which, presumably, would incorporate the currencies, to one degree or another, of the member states noted above.</p>
<p>It is difficult to comment upon these events in detail at the time of this writing as the full ramifications of S&amp;P&#8217;s downgrade, in conjunction with the BRICS announcements, could substantially impact the United States, Thailand, and the <a title="Association of Southeast Asian Nations" href="http://integrity-legal.com/legal-blog/american-business/tornadoes-in-southeastern-usa-and-the-ongoing-japanese-crisis/">Association of Southeast Asian Nations</a> (<a title="ASEAN" href="http://integrity-legal.com/legal-blog/china-business/chinas-recent-trade-deficit-and-asean-stock-exchange-developments/">ASEAN</a>) as a whole; since all of these entities have economic and political ties to the BRICS nations.</p>
<p>Concurrently, it would appear as though the Kingdom of Thailand remains something of an oasis of economic stability amidst the events unfolding above as tourism in Thailand along with the business of Thai Companies would appear to be steady. Currently, Thailand maintains thriving economic ties with the United States pursuant to agreements such as the <a title="US-Thai Treaty of Amity" href="http://integrity-legal.com/legal-blog/asean-business/looking-ahead-at-asean-and-a-new-cold-war/">US-Thai Treaty of Amity</a>.</p>
<p>For related information please see: <a title="Thai business visa" href="http://www.thaivisa.co.uk/thailand-business-visa.html">Thai business visa</a> or <a title="US Company Registration" href="http://www.uscompanyregistration.com/">US Company Registration</a>.</p>
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		<title>BRICS Summit and ASEAN Exchanges Website Launch</title>
		<link>http://integrity-legal.com/legal-blog/thailand-business/brics-summit-and-asean-exchanges-website-launch/</link>
		<comments>http://integrity-legal.com/legal-blog/thailand-business/brics-summit-and-asean-exchanges-website-launch/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 14 Apr 2011 03:05:59 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[American Business]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ASEAN Business]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Brazil Business]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Cambodia Business]]></category>
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		<category><![CDATA[India Business]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Laos Business]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Russia Business]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[South Africa Business]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Thailand Business]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[US Company Registration]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ASEAN Brand Identity]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ASEAN Exchanges]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ASEAN Stars]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Brazil]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Brazilian President Dilma Rousseff]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Cambodia Stock Exchange]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[China]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Chinese President Hu Jintao]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[company in Thailand]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[India]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Indian Prime Minister Manmohan Singh]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Laos Stock Exchange]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Laos Stock Market]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Myanmar Stock Exchange]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Russia]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Russian President Dmitry Medvedev]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[South Africa]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[South African President Jacob Zuma]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://integrity-legal.com/legal-blog/?p=4618</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[[E]conomic relationships are becoming increasingly stratified as economically dictated by the interests of the players in each of the markets of the world. Those interested in such matters are highly encouraged to conduct their own research and come to their own informed conclusions]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Those who have been reading this blog with any degree of regularity may have noticed that the economies, polities, and geopolitics of the world are in something of a state flux. This is not to say that this is either a positive or negative thing as such events occur from time to time. Therefore, astute followers of such events must be careful about making rigid predictions about how such matters will play out in the future. That being stated, it has recently come to this blogger&#8217;s attention that representatives from the so-called BRICS countries (an acronym denoting Brazil,  Russia, India, China, and, now apparently, South Africa) are  having a summit. To <a title="quote directly" href="http://finance.yahoo.com/news/Emerging-economies-face-apf-451940140.html?x=0&amp;.v=5" target="_blank">quote directly</a> from a concisely written article by<span class="byline"> Christopher Bodeen, <a title="Associated Press" href="http://www.ap.org" target="_blank">Associated Press</a></span>, 	<span class="datetime">On Wednesday April 13, 2011, 5:37 am EDT as posted on <a title="Yahoo.com" href="http://www.yahoo.com" target="_blank">Yahoo.com</a>:<br />
</span></p>
<blockquote><p><strong><em>SANYA, China (AP) &#8212; The leaders of the world&#8217;s largest emerging  economies gather this week in southern China for what could be a  watershed moment in their quest for a bigger say in the global financial  architecture.</em></strong></p>
<p><strong><em>Thursday&#8217;s summit comes at a crucial moment for the  expanded five-member bloc known as the BRICS, which groups Brazil,  Russia, India, China, and, for the first time, South Africa.</em></strong></p>
<p><strong><em>Chinese  President Hu Jintao, Brazilian President Dilma Rousseff, Russian  President Dmitry Medvedev, Indian Prime Minister Manmohan Singh and  South African President Jacob Zuma will attend.</em></strong></p>
<p><strong><em>With the G-20  group of major economies seeking to remake parts of the global financial  architecture, it&#8217;s time for the BRICS to test whether they can overcome  internal differences and act as a bloc pursuing common interests.</em></strong></p></blockquote>
<p>The ramifications of this meeting could prove historic as the countries noted above, along with those that comprise the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), appear on track to become increasingly economically dynamic in the forthcoming years.     While reading this article, this blogger was especially impressed by this writer&#8217;s insightful analysis of the characteristics of the BRICS countries. To continue quoting directly from the aforementioned article:</p>
<blockquote><p><strong><em>The five countries are loosely joined by their common status as major  fast-growing economies that have been traditionally underrepresented in  world economic bodies, such as the International Monetary Fund and the  World Bank.</em></strong></p>
<p><strong><em>All broadly support free trade and oppose  protectionism, although China in particular has been accused of erecting  barriers to foreign competition. In foreign affairs, they tend toward  nonintervention and oppose the use of force: Of the five, only South  Africa voted in favor of the Libyan no-fly zone.</em></strong></p></blockquote>
<p>At the time of this writing, the summit noted above would appear to be geared mainly toward economic matters or matters pertaining to the economic realm, but how increasing ties among these nations could impact affairs playing out in the international political arena remains to be seen.</p>
<p>On a related note, Stock Exchanges in some of the Nations which compose the <a title="Association of Southeast Asian Nations" href="http://integrity-legal.com/legal-blog/news/britons-engage-in-lawful-rebellion-while-utah-legislators-pass-bill-allowing-gold-and-silver-as-legal-tender/" target="_blank">Association of Southeast Asian Nations</a> (<a title="ASEAN" href="http://integrity-legal.com/legal-blog/thailand-business/during-aftermath-of-japanese-crisis-asean-members-rethink-nuclear-power/" target="_blank">ASEAN</a>), including Thailand, have recently announced collaborations apparently referred to as ASEAN Brand Identity, an ASEAN Exchanges website, and ASEAN Stars. In following up on that story it would appear that the <a title="ASEAN Exchanges" href="http://www.aseanexchanges.org/" target="_blank">ASEAN Exchanges</a> website is now live, to <a title="quote directly" href="http://asiatoday.com/pressrelease/asean-launch-asean-brand-identity-asean-exchanges-website-and-asean-stars" target="_blank">quote directly</a> from the website <a title="AsiaToday.com" href="http://www.asiatoday.com" target="_blank">AsiaToday.com</a>:</p>
<blockquote><p><strong><em>Launched today was the ASEAN Exchanges website (<a title="www.aseanexchanges.org" href="http://www.aseanexchanges.org/">www.aseanexchanges.org</a>)  that will feature the ASEAN Stars and other ASEAN centric products and  initiatives giving investors an integrated single-window view into the  ASEAN capital market; a market that has a combined market capitalisation  of approximately USD1.8 trillion and participation of more than 3,000  companies. Some of these companies are the largest and most dynamic  companies in the world including leaders in finance and banking,  telecommunications, commodities, automotive manufacturing and other  industrial sectors.</em></strong></p></blockquote>
<p>The administration of this blog highly recommends that readers click upon the hyperlinks above to learn more details about these issues and the various exchanges within the ASEAN region as the whole Southeast Asia area is quickly becoming a vibrant economic force both on a regional and global level.</p>
<p>Meanwhile, it should be noted that the nation of Laos has recently brought a <a title="Lao stock exchange" href="http://integrity-legal.com/legal-blog/laos-business/laos-opens-stock-exchange-to-raise-new-investment-capital/" target="_blank">Lao stock exchange</a> online while <a title="Cambodia" href="http://integrity-legal.com/legal-blog/cambodia-business/cambodian-stock-exchange-to-open-in-mid-2011/" target="_blank">Cambodia</a> appears poised to take the same steps soon. Even the developing Union of Myanmar (referred to by some as Burma) has signaled interest in the opening of a <a title="Myanmar stock exchange" href="http://integrity-legal.com/legal-blog/myanmar-burma-business/amidst-calls-to-end-economic-sanctions-myanmar-ponders-opening-stock-exchange/" target="_blank">Myanmar stock exchange</a>. Whether such a development comes to pass remains to be seen. What is clear is that economic relationships are becoming increasingly stratified as economically dictated by the interests of the players in each of the markets of the world. Those interested in such matters are highly encouraged to conduct their own research and come to their own informed conclusions.</p>
<p>For related information please see: <a title="US Company Registration" href="http://www.uscompanyregistration.com/" target="_blank">US Company Registration</a> or <a title="Company in Thailand" href="http://www.integrity-legal.com/company-thailand/thai-company-overview.html" target="_blank">Company in Thailand</a>.</p>
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